Microsoft Pricing

Product	Base price	CALs (per user/device)	Note
(For server/backend products, the pricing link is on the left. All prices from Microsoft)
Windows Server 2003 R2 Web	$399	NA	No CALs needed for Web access.
Windows Server 2003 R2 Standard	$999 (incl 5 CAL)	$39.80	CAL pricing is in 5-paks @ $199
Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise	$3999 (incl 25 CAL)	"	"
Windows Server 2003 R2 Datacenter	$2999	"	"
Windows Server 2003 R2 Terminal Services	NA	$149.80	CAL pricing is in 5-paks @ $749
Windows Storage Server 2003 and Windows Unified Data Storage Server 2003	NA	NA	Must buy from hardware OEM
Windows Compute Cluster Server	$469	NA	No CALs needed; it's a compute engine.
Small Business Server 2003 R2  Standard	$599 (incl 5 CAL)	$97.80	CAL pricing is in 5-paks @ $489; this includes Outlook 2003 for each user.
Small Business Server 2003 R2 Premium	$1299 (incl 5 CAL)	"	"
Exchange Server 2007 Standard	$699 (incl 5 CAL)	$67
Exchange Server 2007 Enterprise	$3,999	$92	=$67 (base Exch CAL) PLUS $25 CAL to access the Unified Messaging, and anti-malware additions.
SQL Server 2005 Workgroup	$739 (incl 5 CAL)	$146	OR per-processor licensing at $3899; in which case no CALs needed.
SQL Server 2005 Standard	$1,849 (incl 5 CAL)	$162	OR per-processor licensing at $5999; in which case no CALs needed.
SQL Server 2005 Enterprise	$13,969 (incl 25 CAL)	$162	OR per-processor licensing at $24999; in which case no CALs needed.
(For client-side programs, the pricing link is in the Notes column, links in the leftmost column are to the product description page)
Windows XP Pro	$287	NA	Retail pricing, full version, Newegg Extended support ends 4/8/2014 MS stops selling product 5/30/2008
Vista Business	$279	NA	Retail pricing, full version, Newegg
Vista Enterprise (volume license; see notes below)	$279	NA	Must be an upgrade from Win98, W2000 Pro, or XP Pro. Must also buy at least one media kit (around $30). Must choose 32 or 64bit version. I priced at Insight Direct, over the phone.
Office 2007 Standard	$340	NA	Retail Pricing, full edition, Newegg. Includes Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Outlook
Office 2003 Standard	$295	NA	Retail pricing, full edition, Amazon. Includes Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Outlook Extended support ends 1/14/2014 MS stops selling product 6/30/2007
Outlook 2007	$88	NA	Retail pricing, full edition, Newegg
Word 2007	$199	NA	Retail pricing, full edition, Newegg
Excel 2007	$208	NA	Retail pricing, full edition, Newegg
PowerPoint 2007	$198	NA	Retail pricing, full edition, Newegg

 

CALs are per user or per device. But you only buy one CAL per user/device - assuming you have one user and 50 servers, that user still only needs one CAL.

Volume licenses for Vista are basically all upgrade licenses. See the final question and answer in this FAQ for clarification. So, the PC you install Vista Enterprise on must already have a COA attached. Apparently the pricing is so variable that no one lists them online. I checked all of the MS vendors listed here. As of 2007/06/20, none of them listed license prices on their websites, though several did list the 'media only' pricing.